Gerund infinitive and participles part 1 english grammar. Grammar quiz gerunds and infinitives complete these sixteen sentences to score your knowledge of gerunds and infinitives. Some people prefer getting up early in the morning. With more advanced students or if the difference between gerunds and infinitives is covered in your textbook, you will have to address them in more detail. When these verbs are used with a gerund they refer to something that happened before a certain time.
English esl gerunds and infinitives powerpoint presentations. Gerund and infinitive pdf worksheets english vocabulary. Gerund it is a verb form which ends in ing and works as a noun in the following cases. The italicized texts in the above examples are the gerund phrases. Even when the gerund or infinitive is the object of a sentence, it is common for a second object follow the gerund or infinitive because of their verb meaning. Gerund definition, in certain languages, as latin a form regularly derived from a verb and functioning as a noun, having in latin all case forms but the nominative, as latin dicendi gen. Gerunds are used after certain words and expressions, as is the infinitive, so it is useful to. The good news is that our threepart tutorial gives you twenty gerund and infinitive tips to take you from beginner to pro. Note that help can also be followed by the infinitive without to with no difference in meaning. It can be tricky to remember which verbs are followed by the infinitive the to form of the verb and which are followed by the gerund the ing form of the verb. Each one starts with a gerund and includes modifiers. Oliver, daisy and alfie are at oliver and daisys home. Gerund the present participle ing form of the verb, e. The gerund looks exactly the same as a present participle, but it is useful to understand the difference between the two.
Gerunds and infinitives can function as the subject of a sentence or the object of a verb. Gerund and infinitive worksheets are in pdf format and consist of a worksheet and answer sheet to check your results. Gerunds and infinitives some important rules the form of the verb that ends in ing is called a gerund when used as a noun. See all the gerund and infinitive exercises here heres my video on the subject. It can be a little difficult to know when to use gerunds and infinitives. In the english language, some verbs can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive with little or no change in meaning. Dec 19, 2012 a gerund is a noun made from a verb by adding ing. Gi006 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. We use the to infinitive after certain verbs verbs followed by to infinitive, particularly verbs of thinking and feeling. We use the gerund ing1 when the verb is the subject of a sentence reading on tablets and phones isnt very good for your eyes 2 after a preposition im tired of waiting. Page 1 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun.
An introductory infinitive lesson could use the same approach in order to give students some easy infinitive practice without overwhelming them with various structures and uses. Word infinitive with an object gerund without an object advise i advise you to go by bus. Using gerunds and infinitives a gerund is a verb form that ends in ing and is used as a noun walking, traveling, voting. Gerunds and infinitives apu writing center 6268156000 ext. Infinitives use to before the verb so the examples above would be to eat, to play, and to listen. Learning to use gerunds and infinitives can feel a bit overwhelming at first. Both can be used as the subject or object of a sentence. Whether you use a gerund or an infinitive depends on the main verb in the sentence.
Difference between gerund and infinitive simply explained. When they are used with an infinitive they refer to something that happens at or after a certain time. Infinitives and gerunds take the place of a noun in a sentence. Sep 26, 2014 certain words cannot be used with an infinitive. Gerund and infinitive, english grammar, english, grammar. Oliver is upset, so daisy and alfie decide to cheer him up. Lets go back to the definition of a gerund for a moment. Nov 10, 2016 gerunds and infinitives can replace a noun in a sentence. Regret with the infinitive is used to give bad news in a formal, polite way. It is used after another verb, after an adjective or noun or as the subject or object of a sentence. Type 1 verbs which only take the gerund enjoy, beget used to, look forward to etc. If there is to between two verbs, we call it infinitive and ing added to second verb it is called gerund. Instead, they act as modifiers or complete progressive verbs. The gerund looks identical to the present participle, which is used after the auxiliary verb to be, but are not the same as they do not function as main verbs.
Gerunds and infinitives can function b to compose a sonata would take months. Because their function is that of a noun, gerunds may be used as the subject of a sentence. Complete exercises 1 10 below to practice what you have learned in part 1 before moving on. In this sentence, the words singing and laughing function as nouns, making them gerunds. A gerund is a verb in its ing present participle form that functions as a noun that names an activity rather than a person or thing. Complete exercises 1 10 below to practice what you have learned in part 1 before mov. Gi003 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. They require a preposition followed by a gerund ing form. The main verb in the sentence determines whether you use a gerund or an infinitive. Using verb forms as subjects when functioning as the subject of a sentence, gerunds and infinitives always use a singular verb. A gerund phrase is a group of words beginning with a gerund and including any modifiers to that gerund.
Here in part 1, we introduce gerunds and infinitives and explain the basics of everyday usage. Infinitive and gerund infinitive after an adjective example. After the main verb, both gerunds and infinitives can be used. Gerundinfinitive constructions are constructions with a certain verb which is used in conjunction with another verb which, according to what initial verb is used, takes either a gerund or infinitive form. The gerund always has the same function as a noun although it looks like a verb. In the sentence i like swimming, the word swimming is a noun. Some verbs can take both gerunds and infinitives, with only a slight difference in the meaning as explained in part i above. A gerund is a verb in ing form that is used as a noun. Type 3 verbs which take both gerund and infinitive with little or no change in. For each of the following sentences, decide if the word or phrase in italics is a participle, a gerund, or an infinitive. Gerunds are often used when actions are real, fixed, or completed. The infinitive form is the base form of a verb with to. Page 3 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun phrases do using these six sentences, write a paragraph using either a gerund or an infinitive where appropriate. Whether you use a gerund or an infinitive depends on the main verb in the sentence i expect to have the results of the operation soon.
Basic rules for gerunds and infinitives tru newsroom. Part 1 of the gerunds and infinitives tutorial explains what gerunds and infinitives are and how to begin using them in everyday english. Words with a different meaning word infinitive meaning gerund meaning forget remember. It is a verb form which ends in ing and works as a noun in the following cases. Some verbs can be followed by a gerund or infinitive but with a change in meaning. However, it is only used if the time of the action expressed by the gerund is not obvious from the context. Their memories of traveling in africa will stay with them forever. Common verbs followed by the gerund perfect english. Not speaking english well is my biggest problem in this country 2. Common verbs followed by a gerund some common verbs that are followed by gerund are. Remember that gerunds are words that are formed with verbs but act as nouns. For this reason, here you have a deep explanation of all their uses. Infinitives and gerunds verb patterns test english. Gerunds are formed by adding ing to the end of a verb.
After prepositions i drank a cup of coffee before leaving. Gerund infinitive gi 6 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form. Type 2 verbs which only take the infinitive want, need, hope, decide, would like etc. Forget with the infinitive means something happens at or after a certain time. In the second sentence, the infinitive to cry performs the same function. Common verbs followed by the gerund perfect english grammar. Gi007 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. Some verbs can be followed by a gerund or an infinitive without causing a change in meaning. Gerunds and infinitives can replace a noun in a sentence gerund the present participle ing form of the verb, e. A separate page deals with verbs that are followed by the gerund.
Grammar gerunds and infinitives learning how to use gerunds and infinitives is one of the most challenging aspects of learning english. For others, we can use perfect gerund infinitive forms to express the past. Second of three ppts where students have to complete the verbs using the correct form, gerund or infinitive. Gi004 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. Basically, there are five types of gerundinfinitive constructions.
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